Sexual risk-taking behaviors among adolescent students in a major municipality in Ghana

Abstract

Sexual risk-taking behaviours (SRTB) are highly prevalent among young people worldwide. The relationship between SRTB and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) has also been documented. This study assessed the prevalence of SRTB and associated factors among adolescents in the Wa Municipality of Ghana. A sample of 361 adolescents was conveniently selected for the study. A quantitative, cross-sectional survey design was used to collect the data. The results showed that 48.2% of respondents had engaged in some form of sexual activity. Among those who were sexually active, the majority (59.8%, n = 104) were aged 10 to 15 years, while 40.2% (n = 70) were between 16 and 19 years. In addition, 69% of sexually active respondents had multiple sexual partners, and 60% had never used condoms with their partners. Furthermore, 17.4% had sexual intercourse the first time they met a previously unknown person. Predictors of condom use included drug use and peer communication about sex. Being female was associated with a decreased likelihood of having multiple sexual partners. These findings underscore the need for strategies to prevent adolescent SRTB in the Wa Municipality, including education about contraceptives, STIs, and the harmful effects of substance use and alcohol consumption.