Surface and Ground Water Pollution in Bangladesh: A Review

Akash Mamon Sarkar

Pulp and Paper Research Division, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Bangladesh.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0277-6916

A. K. M. Lutfor Rahman

Department of Chemistry, Jagannath University, Bangladesh.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-3506

Abdus Samad

Department of Chemistry, Jagannath University, Bangladesh.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5601-3124

Arjun Chandra Bhowmick

Department of Chemistry, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, United States.

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1557-4499

Jahida Binte Islam

Department of Chemistry for Materials, Mie University, Japan.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6718-8982

DOI: https://doi.org/10.20448/journal.506.2019.61.47.69

Keywords: Effluent, Heavy metal, Pesticides, Ecosystem, Pharmaceuticals, Environmental policy.


Abstract

Environmental analysis does not become properly meaningful unless follow the standard procedure in sampling, preserving and also in analysis. This study investigates different studies on surface and groundwater pollution and discusses their findings along with impacts on environment, human health and aquatic ecosystem demolition. Fresh water is a vital need for drinking, household, agricultural and industrial use. Fresh water availability is shrinking worldwide due to imprudent use. Abound availability of fresh water in Bangladesh is now polluting due to unwise dumping of industrial, household, agricultural and municipal wastes. Water body in urban arena is severely polluted rather than rural part. The over concentration of DO, BOD, COD, EC, TDS, Cr, Cd, Pb was observed in Dhaka region. The highest arsenic concentration was found in the ground water of Lakshimpur. The main sources of pollution in industrial cities are anthropogenic sources like untreated industrial effluent and municipal wastes whereas in rural part the main sources of pollution are agricultural and naturogenic. Transboundary impact also intensifies some river water pollution. Government approved the policies, ordinance, acts and laws however, due to lack of proper implementation and monitoring water pollution problem increasing day by day.

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